ABSTRACT Purpose: To evaluate the tissue content of neutral and acidic mucins, sulfomucins and sialomucins in colonic glands devoid of intestinal transit after enemas containing sucralfate and n-acetylcysteine alone or in combination. Methods: Sixty-four rats underwent intestinal transit bypass. A colonic segment was collected to compose the white group (without intervention). After derivation, the animals were divided into two groups according to whether enemas were performed daily for two or four weeks. Each group was subdivided into four subgroups according to the substance used: control group: saline 0.9%; sucralfate group (SCF): SCF 2 g/kg/day; n-acetylcysteine group (NAC): NAC 100 mg/kg/day; and SCF+NAC group: SCF 2 g/kg/day + NAC 100 mg/kg/day.Neutral and acidic mucins were stained by periodic acid-Schiff and alcian-blue techniques, respectively. The distinction between sulfomucins and sialomucin was made by the high alcian-blue iron diamine technique. The content of mucins in the colonic glands was measured by computerized morphometry. The inflammatory score was assessed using a validated scale. The results between the groups were compared by the Mann-Whitney’s test, while the variation according to time by the Kruskal-Wallis’ test (Dunn’s post-test). A significance level of 5% was adopted. Results: There was reduction in the inflammatory score regardless of the application of isolated or associated substances. Intervention with SCF+NAC increased the content of all mucin subtypes regardless of intervention time. Conclusions: The application of SCF+NAC reduced the inflammatory process of the colonic mucosa and increased the content of different types of mucins in the colonic glands of segments excluded from fecal transit.

Objetivo: Avaliar os efeitos anti-inflamatórios e antioxidantes do SCF em modelo de colite de exclusão. Método: Trinta e seis ratos, foram submetidos a derivação intestinal por colostomia terminal no cólon descendente e fistula mucosa distal. Os animais foram divididos em 3 grupos experimentais segundo receberem clisteres diários com SF 0,9%, SCF 1 g/kg/dia ou SCF 2 g/kg/dia. Cada grupo foi dividido em dois subgrupos segundo a eutanásia ser realizada após 2 ou 4 semanas da derivação. O grau de inflamação tecidual foi avaliado por estudo histológico e a infiltração neutrofílica pela expressão tecidual de mieloperoxidase (MPO) identificada por imunoistoquímica e quantificada por morfometria computadorizada. O estresse oxidativo foi mensurado pelo conteúdo de malondialdeído (MDA). Para análise dos resultados utilizou-se os teste t de Student, e ANOVA, estabelecendo-se para todos os testes nível de significância de 5% (p < 0,05). Resultados: A intervenção com SCF melhorou o grau de inflamação tecidual relacionando-se a concentração utilizada e ao tempo de intervenção. A intervenção com SCF reduziu os níveis teciduais de MPO, independente da concentração ou do tempo de intervenção (p < 0,01). Houve redução dos níveis de MDA nos animais irrigados com SCF, independente da concentração ou tempo de intervenção (p < 0,01). Conclusão: Enemas com SCF reduzem o processo inflamatório, infiltrado neutrofílico e estresse oxidativo no cólon excluso sugerindo que a substância possa se tornar uma opção terapêutica válida para o tratamento da colite de exclusão.

Objective: To evaluate the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects of sucralfate enemas in diversion colitis model. Method: Thirty-six Wistar rats underwent intestinal bypass by end colostomy in the descending colon and distal mucous fistula. The animals were divided into 3 experimental groups according to the daily dose of enemas received containing 0.9% SF, sucralfate enemas or sucralfate enemas 1 g/kg/day or 2 g/kg/day. Each group was divided into two subgroups according to euthanasia to be performed 2-4 weeks after derivation. The tissue grade of inflammation was assessed histologically, and neutrophil infiltration by the tissue expression of myeloperoxidase (MPO) identified by immunohistochemistry and quantified by computerized morphometry. Oxidative stress was measured by tissue levels of malondialdehyde (MDA). To compare the results the Student's t test variance was used, and also the variance by ANOVA test, establishing a level of significance of 5% (p < 0.05) for both. Results: The intervention with sucralfate enemas showed improvement in the intensity of tissue inflammation related to the concentration used and the duration of the intervention. Intervention with sucralfate enemas reduced the tissue levels of MPO, independent of concentration or time of intervention (p < 0.01). There was a reduction of MDA levels in animals irrigated with sucralfate enemas, independent of concentration or duration of the intervention (p < 0.01). Conclusion: Enemas with sucralfate enemas reduce inflammation, neutrophil infiltration and oxidative stress in the excluded colon suggesting topical application of the substance to be a valid therapeutic option for the treatment of diversion colitis.